Pulp-beating apparatus.



R.L MARX.

PULP BEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-12,1914.

Patented Feb. 29, 1916.

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gTATEh ROBERT J MARX, 0F LQNDON, ENGLAND.

IPULP-BEATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. I

Patented Feb. 29,1916.

Application filed January 12, 1914. Serial No. 811,605.

To all whom a may concern:

'Be it known that I, ROBERT J. MARX, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pulp- Beating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to beaters for use in connection with the manufacture of paper, wood pulp and the like, and the main object of the invention is to produce a heater that will be efficient, economical, durable and comparatively inexpensive; also capable of working stock at a high consistency, whereby the quality of the paper is improved.

It has been the practice in the manufacture of beater rolls to employ a rotating cylinder co-acting with a suitable stationary bed plate, mounted in a trough of such shape that the stock in a liquid condition may circulate more or less freely within same. The trough usually employed is approximately elliptical in shape with a midfeather extending longitudinally through the center. thereof, and although this midfeather partition has been curved at the ends to prevent lodging of the material, it has not been possible heretofore to obtain a proper circulation of the paper stock, especially if the consistency of the stock in the beater exceeds about 5%.

My invention is designed to overcome the difficulties that have been heretofore experienced, and to this end I employ a trough of approximately elliptical shape having a mid-feather extending through the center thereof, which is also approximately elliptical in form, and of such .width that the ends may be curved or rounded to about the same curvature as the ends of the outer wall of the trough itself. This'mid-feather or partition may be solid or provided with a space between the walls thereof according to conditions and circumstances. The walls of the mid-feather may also be either elliptical or parabolic in contour, in order to widen or restrict the trough space to thereb regulate the fiow of the paper stock. The ow of the trough is also so inclined and the construction of the trough at its juncture with the walls of the trough and mid -feather is such that'a perfect circulation is secured as will be seen from the following description.

In general, I prefer to provide a space between the walls of the mid-feather in order that the rotary beater roll may be driven from the center of the beater. In many cases, however, this is not convenient, and 1t then becomes necessary to extend the axle of the rotary beater roll over the midfeather and over the opposite wall of the trough, where it may "be provided with a suitable driving pulley. This beater may be used with a single cylinder on one side of the mid-feather, or may be provided with two beater rolls, one on each side of the midfeather, according to the requirements for which it may be used. I have found that by using a comparatively wide mid-feather of twelve inches or upward that the ends may be curved or rounded to provide a trough of approximately the same width throughout, and that underthese conditions a much more perfect and rapid circulation of the stock s maintained within the trough, and lodging of the material is entirely eliminated, while it is possible to use the stock at a very high consistency up to 10 and even 15 per cent.

In the drawings which illustrate this invention: Figure l is a side elevation of the dev ce. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a plan view on a smaller scale showing a modings, 5 designates the bottom of the beater trough, which is substantially elliptical and surrounded by a peripheral vertical curb 6 comprising substantially parallel side walls 6 and curved end walls 6". At or near the center of the trou h is a widedivision partit1on'7 correspon ing to the ordinary midfeather, and having an outer vertical curb 8'comprising side and end walls 8 and 8", respectively, approximately parallel with the side and end walls of the trough. This division or mid-feather in a single beater is preferably placed slightly to one side of the center, so that the curbs 6 and 8 form an annular trough slightly wider at one side of the partition than atthe other. The heater roll 9 is installed in the widest por tion of this annular trough, being mounted on a revoluble shaft 10 mounted in bearings 11 and 12, the former of which is located outside the curb 6. In Fig. 2, I have shown the bearing 12 and the driving pulley 13 lo-. cated within the hollow mid-feather 7, as

this is frequently the most convenient point from which the apparatus may be driven.

In some cases, it is impracticable to drive the beater roll from the hollow mid-feather,

in which case the shaft is carried entirely across the trough, the bearing 12 being located on the opposite side of the apparatus from the bearing 11. It may be noted that on account of the location of the adjusting devices such as the control wheel 14, which operates the mechanism 15 regulating the height of the roll 9 above the bed plate 16, that it is inconvenient or impracticable to place the drive for the beater roll on the same side of the device as the controlling wheel. The arrangement shown in Fig; 3

- is therefore resorted to where it is not convenient to drive'the beater roll from the center of the apparatus. I

I have alsg proyided a recording and pressure adjusting device which enables the recurring charges of stock to be treated in an exactly similar way, that is, byusing the same pressures at a predetermined position of the beater roll; This device is clearly illustrated in Fig. 1 in which the graduated lever 17, provided with a weight 18, is connected by means of a link 19 with any suitable lever 20 pivoted at its opposite end at 21. This pivoted .lever carries the journal 22 of the rotating cylinder, and by means of this device the journal may be moved vertically toward or away from the bed plate, and the pressure between the rotating beater roll and the bed plate not only adjusted accurately, but the pressures may be recorded by noting the position of the balancing weight; and thus the recurring charges of stock may be treated much more uniformly than has heretofore been customary.

The journals 22, as will be noted from an inspection of Fig. 1 may'also be adjusted horizontally. To permit of this horizontal or lateral adjustment the journal carriage 24 is slidably connected to the portion 25 of the lighter bars 20'as by tongue and groove connection. (not shown) and oppositely disposed adjusting .screws 26 working through the flange 27 of the portion 25 are provided. This adjustment is important because the perfect circulation in a beater dependslargely on the distance between the beater roll and the backfall, which should be kept constant. There is however continuouswear going on both in the beater roll, reducing its diameter and in the bedplate. In order to take up this wear I make the roll laterally adjustable in its bearings on the lighter bars, and move it as much nearer to the back fall as it becomes worn in diameter, at the same time adjusting the bed plate to the new position of the beater roll. Any adjustable means such as threaded bolts 30 maybe employed for shifting the bed-plate within the bed-plate box 31.

In order more adequately to provide, for

the perfect circulation of the stuff and to reduce the power necessary to operate the the roll, whence it may slope gently upward until the bed-plate 16 is reached Further, the junction of the vertical walls of the trough and mid-feather with the floor take the form of a curve of varying radius, the variation depending upon the position of the junction on the one hand, and upon the other upon the average density or consistency and velocity of the charge the beater is designed to treat; by way of example, the broken lines XX, .YY, in L Fig. 2 represent diagrammatically the loci of the centers of the curves at the junction of the walls and the floor of the trough in a beating engine such as is hereinbefore mentioned. The radius of curvature, in the example chosen, of the junction of the outer wall with the floor of the trough would vary from a minimum at or near the top of the back-fall, gradually increasing until the line C-C at the base of the back-fall was reached from which point CC, the maximum radius of curvature would be maintained until a point G near the front rise is reached, whence the curvature would gradually diminish until just short of the bed-plate, where it would be reduced to zero. In the" same way, the radius of curvature of the junction of the inner wall with the floor, starting from zero at the top of the backfall, would increase gradually until just past the line D D', and then gradually diminish until the point BB was reached,

from whence it would be maintained until horizontal in cross-section'beneath the roll,

gradually acquires an outward slopewhich starts shortly before the -base of the backfall 23, and reaches its maximum at the line D-D, from which point it gradually diminishes, disappearing altogether "at point G. The height of the backfall is-as much over the. center. of the beater roll as circumstances permit, so as to be practically on a level with the height of the stock in the beater when fully charged, in .order to obviate back pressure. In actual practice the height of the backfall frequently is ten inches above the axis of the roll, resulting in a steep fall of the natal floor line of the beater trough, so that when the beater roll has lifted the stuff over the backfall, it flows by gravity through practically the whole of its path in the beater trough.

It is a Well known fact that practically half the power consumed by the beater is expended in circulating the stufl? through the trough. By this invention a large percentage of this power is saved since the roll needs only to lift the stuff over the backfall, and the power required by the beater is practically all employed in the actual work of the roll in conjunction with the bedplate on the stock. I have found in Practice that the best results are obtained by placing and keeping the beater roll at a predetermined distance of say about seven eighths of an inch from the backfall up to the center line of the roll and to approximately double the distance from the center line of the roll to the apex of the backfall.

I desire it to be understood that I do not intend to limit the scope of my invention either by the example hereinbefore described or by the figures in the annexed drawings, as it is plain that the contour and slope of the floor, the length and width of the trough and mid-feather, the radius of the curvature of their ends and radii of the curves of junction may vary within comparatively wide limits without departing from the spirit of my invention. It will also be apparent that my improvements apply equally as well to a double beater as to the single beater illustrated.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a beating engine the combination of a trough a midfeather and a backfall with a bedplate, a heater roll, lighter bars for supporting said roll, bearings for the said roll, and adjustable means for moving said roll and said bedplate horizontally in the direction of the diameter of the roll, for maintaining said roll at. a predetermined ,lateral distance from said backfall, and for maintaining said roll in its original working position relative to the bedplate independent of the wear and tear of the said roll or of the said bedplate.

2. In a beating engine the combination of a trough, a midfeather and a backfall with a bedplate, a beater roll lighter bars for supporting said roll, bearing for the said roll, and independent means for main taining said roll at a predetermined lateral distance from the said backfall, and also maintaining the relative working position of said roll to said bedplate.

3. In a beating engine the combination of a bedplate, a backfall, a beater roll adjacent to said backfall, and independent means for compensating the wear of the said roll and bedplate, whereby said roll is maintained at'a predetermined lateral distance from said backfall and said bedplate is operated under predetermined conditions relative to the said backfall and the said roll.

4. In a beating engine the combination of a trough, a midfeather, a bedplate a revolving roll with a backfall, the apex of which lies in the same level as the height of the stuff in the beater when working, said roll being so located in relation to the backfall, that the space between said backfall and said roll is sickle shaped below the center line of said roll, and bounded above the center line by the curvature of the roll on the one side, and by a perpendicular continuation of the backfall to its apex on the other side, the clearance between said roll and said backfall measured horizontally at the center line of the roll being less than double the clearance measured horizontally at the point where said roll leaves said bedplate, and the distance measured horizontally at the summit of the backfall being approximately twice the distance measured horizont'ally on the center line of said roll from said backfall.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature 1n presence of two witnesses.

ROBERT J. MARX. Witnesses:

JOHN A. PERGIVAL, FRED G. POHL. 

